In January and February 1991, as the United States-led coalition drove Iraqi forces out of Kuwait, Saddam Hussein’s troops retaliated with an inferno. As much a major document of modern history as an extraordinary photographic portfolio, Kuwait: A Desert on Fire is the first monograph on Sebastião Salgado’s astonishing 1991 series on the human, economic, and environmental catastrophe of the torched Kuwaiti oil fields.